ABSTRACT
Introduction: Constipation is highly prevalent, often chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects adults. The treatment with classic drugs did not cut, in one hand with the inadequate relief of bloating and other symptoms, and with the luck of efficacy in relieving constipation. Therefore, the search for novel safe laxative drugs seems, inevitable. Rheum undulatum L. was traditionally used in constipation, thus we have attempted to evaluate the laxative effect of Rheum undulatum L. Purpose: The laxative effect of Rheum undulatum L. was evaluated against loperamide induced constipated rats. Methodology: Fifteen male normal rats were used in this study. Fifteen male constipated wistar albino rats weighing 180-250 g were also used for the study and randomized into three groups (n=5) in each of the experiments. Constipated control group rats oral administrated distilled water. Constipated rats (treatment groups) were treated with 4.1 mg/kg dose body weight /day of the preparation for one day and also Laxing a standard drug was used for the reference group. The fecal weight, the fecal humidity laxative activity were monitored in experimental rats.Results: Constipation was successfully induced in the rats by loperamide as seen in the elevated fecal properties compared to the control rats. The Rheum undulatum L. compounds preparation administered orally produced significant laxative activity and reduced loperamide induced constipation in dose dependent manner as seen in the increase of fecal output. The same doses of the Rheum undulatum L. compounds preparation produced a significant increase (P<0.05) fecal weight, the faeces humidity. The effect of the compounds preparation compares favourably well with Laxing, a standard laxative drug. Conclusion: The results of this study justify the use of Rheum undulatum L. compounds preparation as a laxative in traditional medicine. The produced significantly increase in fecal output of rats and the stimulation of gastrointestinal motility. Keywords: Laxative, gastro intestinal motility, loperamide, constipated
ABSTRACT
IntroductionIn recent years we have observed that there are been more and more studies and increased reg- ulatory action regarding animal, plant and mineral-based raw materials, drugs, biological prod- ucts, groceries and food products.Therefore, dehydrated cow bile liver hydrolisate appears less harm- ful for the human body and may minimize damage to liver cells, have regenerative and healing properties, and may support the healing / recovery process process. It is important to find and apply preparations that work against acute inflammation of the liver protein, fat and carbohydrate me- tabolism. Pharmacological research was undertaken with the performance of a histomorphological assessment with reference to the hydrolisate liver, dehydrated cow bile, silymarin 3 with a composi- tion containing “Sillichol”, determining how it seriously affects the inflammation of the liver operation.Goal: To determine the presence of the liver tissue morphology with reference tothe investigational/ experimental new drug “Sillichol”.Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats, specified as pathogen-free, weighing 200-250 g, wereobtained from the Vivarium of the Department of Pharmacology, Drug Research Institute, andwere used for the chronic CCL -induced liver injury model in all experiments. Eighteen rats were di-vided into three groups (with each group consisting of 6 rats).The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 14 days of the investigation, and the livers were im- mediately removed (Methods R.Virchow). Liver slices were made from a part of the left and cen- tral lobes, and immediately fixed in 10% buffered formalin phosphate solution, embedded in par- affin, and cut into 5μm sections. Subsequently, the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and observed under a microscope to evaluate histopathological changes (20x20).Result: Liver tissue sections of the rats were stained with H&E. The histopathological assessment in the livers was performed for all groups. Rats in the negative healthy group exhibited normal, well- defined histological structures, without any signs of vascular or inflammatory changes: no cavita- tions, necrosis or fibrosis were found in normal control sections.The histopathological analysis of the livers revealed signs of toxicity after administration of CCl .This toxicity was significant in comparison with the control group and cavitations, fibrosis in board ar-eas, mild vascular congestion and moderate inflammatory changes with congested sinusoids, nu- clear changes, and centrilobular necrosis. Sinusoids spaces were flooded with inflammatory cells.The Sillichol-treated animals of the experimental group showed a complete reversal of toxic ef- fects in the liver cells; no necrosis was seen. The central vein and portal triads appear normal and show an increase of Kupffer cells. Some of the hepatocytes indicated binucleation, suggesting re- generative activity with feathery degeneration of hepatocytes.The Carsil-treated animals of the standard group: The histology of the liver sections in rats adminis-tered with Carsil indicated significant improvement with less damage of liver tissue, as indicated by a reduced level of necrosis, narrow fibrotic septae, fat storing cells, Kupffer cells, and narrow cavita- tion.ConclusionsWe found that the “Sillichol” biological active product treatment reduced hepatic necrosis and fibro-cal active product improved the regeneration process of liver cells, helped to normalize cell struc-ture, and had an effect on the anti-inflammatory action in damaged liver cells.Keywords: Histology, Carbon tetrachloride, Liver damage, Silichol, Liver cell